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Introduction
MATLAB® is a high-level language and interactive environment that enables you to perform computationally intensive tasks faster than with traditional programming languages such as C, C++, and Fortran.
You can use MATLAB in a wide range of applications, including signal and image processing, communications, control design, test and measurement, financial modeling and analysis, and computational biology. Add-on toolboxes (collections of special-purpose MATLAB functions, available separately) extend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of problems in these application areas.
MATLAB provides a number of features for documenting and sharing your work. You can integrate your MATLAB code with other languages and applications, and distribute your MATLAB algorithms and applications.
MATLAB R2014b on Ubuntu 14.04
From ISO
- First, mount the .iso file of the image with right-click, Open with and select Disk image mounter (if required).
- Open a terminal and change to the mounted image file. For example:
- cd /media/username/MATHWORKS_R2014A
From Download
Install
- Run the installer as a super user
- sudo ./install
- sudo apt-get install matlab-support
Now Matlab should also be launchable through unity and should work as intended.
MATLAB R2012a
Important Note Regarding Ubuntu 12.04
MATLAB R2012a was released on March 1, 2012. Please note that this is prior to the release of Ubuntu 12.04. Consequently Ubuntu 12.04 is not a supported operating system for MATLAB R2012a as it can be seen in the MATLAB Roadmap.
MATLAB R2012a users are strongly encouraged to install R2012a on Ubuntu 10.04 LTS or Ubuntu 10.10 for best results. Help for the installation of MATLAB R2012a on Ubuntu 12.04 will however be given through this tutorial.
Important Note Regarding Student version (32-bit)
Unfortunately, 32-bit is the only version available to students.
If you have a 64-bit system, you will have some trouble but it is normally possible to go through each of them and the details are in the Troubleshooting section.
The following helps you be a length ahead of these problem. If you have a 64-bit system, you can still install 32-bit version of MATLAB. However, you will need to install the «ia32-libs» package before the installation. If you have Ubuntu 13.10 or later, check out this thread for more information.
Once it is installed, run the installer with the -glnx86 argument to force it to use 32-bit
Though for R2012a it is not necessary anymore. If you don’t run it with the -glnx86 argument, MATLAB will just say
at the start of the installation. And it will use 32-bit.
Then, just follow the instructions of the Installation Instructions section.
After the installation, you will need to run MATLAB with the -glnx86 argument to force it to use 32-bit
See the Troubleshooting section for more details on this.
Installation Instructions
Basic
See the Troubleshooting section if you get into trouble during the installation.
1. Run the MATLAB installer with the following Terminal command (The -v argument is for the install script to be verbose which means, it is more likely to warn you if something weird happens):
If it complains about java, try installing install »OpenJDK Java 6» package because MATLAB is not compliant with Java 7.
2. When prompted to ‘Choose installation type‘ you should select custom. This will allow you to create symbolic links to MATLAB in /usr/local/bin.
3. When prompted to ‘Specify installation folder‘ it is recommended that you use the default folder /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a (or the default /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a_student if you have a student version).
If you have a student version, the default folder will be /usr/local/MATLAB/R2012a_Student.
4. When given the option to ‘Create symbolick links to MATLAB scripts in:‘ it is recommended that you check the box and use the supplied path /usr/local/bin.
5. You can check that your installation work by executing the following command
See the Troubleshooting section if you get errors.
Create A MATLAB Launcher/shortcut
Automatic option: install package «matlab-support», sudo apt-get install matlab-support or via the Software Center on the dashboard.
Manual option as follows.
2. Get the launcher file:
If you have the student version of MATLAB (or simply the 32 bit version) on a 64 bit system, you will need to modify this file. Run
Then uncomment #Exec=matlab -arch=glnx86 -desktop and comment Exec=matlab -desktop (by adding or removing the # character).
If you get two MATLAB launcher icons in your Unity laucher, try uncommenting the following line in /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop:
If your launcher does not work, see the Troubleshooting section.
MEX functions
Warning
The content of this section has been written for R2011a with Ubuntu 10.04 and 10.10. It may vary a lot if you are using the R2012a with Ubuntu 12.04.
If you try to compile MEX functions you may see a message like the following:
Note this is a warning — the MEX function will still compile.
The following instructions will setup gcc 4.3 and make it the default compiler for MATLAB:
2. Make a MATLAB specific bin directory for gcc symlink.
3. Symlink gcc to gcc-4.3 via user MATLAB specific bin directory.
4. Add MATLAB specific bin directory to the front of your system $PATH within your local startup.m file.
- 3a. At the MATLAB Command Window prompt, type:
and choose option 2 which says:
- 4a. Then edit this local file:
and replace all instances of CC='gcc' to CC='gcc-4.3', CXX='g++' to CXX='g++-4.3', and FC='gfortran' to FC='gfortran-4.3'. Save and exit. The next time you run MEX in MATLAB to compile it will work properly.
For more ideas, try this thread or this one.
Troubleshooting
No MATLAB bin directory for glnxa64
If MATLAB tells you
when you launch it, you will need to force it to use glnx86.
Solution for the command line (CLI) launch
If you like launching MATLAB from the command line, you will maybe find it inconvenient to write -glnx86 each time you need to launch it. You can then add it in your
/.bashrc (at the end if you hesitate where to put it)
Solution for the graphical (GUI) launch
You will need to add the -glnx86 argument to matlab in the exec line of your file /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop If you have followed the ‘Create a MATLAB Launcher’ section, you can just comment the line with the argument -glnx86 and uncomment the next line as explained in the file.
libc.so.6 not found
If you have Ubuntu 12.04 you like get the following error when running Matlab graphically:
MATLAB
MATLAB is a programming and numeric computing platform used by millions of engineers and scientists to analyze data, develop algorithms, and create models.
Contents
Overview
MATLAB is proprietary software produced by The MathWorks and requires a license to obtain, install, and activate. New versions of MATLAB are released twice a year, release names are composed of R , the year of the release and a or b . Arch Linux is not officially supported. [1]
Installation
A complete copy of the MATLAB software must be obtained before it can be installed. The MATLAB software is available to licenses holders on both a DVD and through the The MathWorks website. In addition to the software a file installation key is required for installation. It is possible to install MATLAB either with the matlab AUR package or from the MATLAB installation software directly. The advantage of the matlab AUR package is that it manages dependencies and some of the nuances of the installation process while installing directly from the MATLAB installation software can be done by regular users to their home directories.
Installing from the MATLAB installation software
The MATLAB installation software is self contained and does not require any additional packages to install in silent mode. To install with the GUI a working Xorg graphical display is necessary. Wayland is not currently supported yet, at least not for the GUI; however, plotting seems to work. The installation is handled by the install script. You can run the script as root to install MATLAB system-wide or your user to install it only for you. On version R2020 the normal install script may not work, however, the legacy install script ISO-DIR/bin/glnxa64/install_unix_legacy does work [2].
During the installation, you are asked if you want symlinks to be created. If you did not choose to do so, you can now manually create a symlink in /usr/local/bin to make it easier to launch in terminal:
Or you could add MATLAB install path to PATH environment variable.
Desktop entry
Optionally create a desktop entry. The MIME type of MATLAB files is text/x-matlab .
Start matlab with:
- -desktop to run Matlab without a terminal.
- -nosplash to prevent the splash screen from showing up.
In order for icons to appear correctly StartupWMClass needs to be set in the desktop entry. To find it out start MATLAB, run xprop | grep WM_CLASS and select the MATLAB window.
Example desktop entry (replace R2019a with your MATLAB version):
If one need to set environment variable, one could prepend env in Exec , for example, to system’s libfreetype:
One might want to use the system’s libstdc++ .
Installing from the AUR package
The matlab AUR package is designed to allow MATLAB to be integrated into and managed by Arch. Note however, that the package does not contain the installation files, and you are expected to place them in the cloned package folder yourself. It can be problematic to build the package using AUR helpers, so you are expected to do so manually. You can obtain the actual MATLAB software using the installer from the MathWorks website.
The EULA for the proprietary MATLAB software is restrictive and it prohibits distribution and modification of the installation files. The installation method described in this section should only be performed on the system on which the software is going to be installed and the package should be deleted from the installation location and the pacman cache following installation. Redistributing the built package is a violation of the MATLAB EULA.
- Clone the matlabAUR package and cd into it.
- Download the zip file containing the MATLAB installer from MathWorks into the current directory. Extract the zip to the matlab subdirectory (replace the XXXXX with your release version):
- Run the extracted installer with:
- The installer gives you a choice of either installing the software now or only downloading selected modules. Choose the second option.
- The installer will give you an option to change the download path. You might want to change it to something temporary (like /tmp if you have big enough ram disk) as you will soon move the contents to a different location.
- Wait for the download to finish and close the installer. Merge the downloaded archives into the extracted matlab subdirectory (replace YYYY_MM_DD_HH_MM_SS with your release code):
- Then package the directory into a tarball:
- Download your licence: Go to your MathWorks account and click on the licence number you want to use. Then, go to the Install and activate tab and select Activate to retrieve licence File. Follow the instructions and download the licence file needed for the installation. Name the file matlab.lic and place it in the AUR package directory. There will also be a File Installation Key (FIK) visible on the MathWorks website. Copy-paste it in a new file named matlab.fik and save it next to PKGBUILD just like you did with the matlab.lic .
- Now, you will create a pacman package. You can customize the modules you want the package to contain by modifying the PKGBUILD or leave it at default:
- Finally, use makepkg command to build and install the package:
Configuration
The MATLAB software is bundled with a JVM and therefore it is not necessary to install Java. The JVM version supported by MATLAB is listed in System Requirements & Platform Availability or simply type version -java in MATLAB. One could set the MATLAB_JAVA environment variable to use custom JVM, for example, to specify the jre8-openjdk JRE, launch MATLAB with:
OpenGL acceleration
MATLAB can take advantage of hardware based 2D and 3D OpenGL acceleration. Support for hardware acceleration needs to be configured outside of MATLAB. Appropriate video drivers need to be installed along with the OpenGL utility library glu package. If X11 forwarding is being used, the video drivers need to be installed on both the client and server. To check if MATLAB is making use of hardware based OpenGL acceleration run:
If «software rendering» is not «false», then there is a problem with your hardware acceleration. If this is the case make sure OpenGL is configured correctly on the system. This can be done with the glxinfo program from the mesa-utils package:
If «direct rendering» is not «yes», then there is likely a problem with your system configuration.
If glxinfo works but not matlab, you can try to run:
If it works, you can edit Matlab launcher script to add:
If you experience a low-level graphics error, create a file with the name ‘java.opts’ in the directory where MATLAB is executed (for example ‘/usr/local/MATLAB/R2020a/bin/glnxa64’) with the following line:
Sound
To confirm that MATLAB is able to use the default soundcard to present sounds run:
This should play an except from Handel’s «Hallelujah Chorus.» If this fails make sure ALSA is properly configured. This can be done with the speaker-test program from the alsa-utils package from the official repositories:
If you do not hear anything, then there is likely a problem with your system configuration.
GPU computing
MATLAB can take advantage of CUDA enabled GPUs to speed up applications. In order to take advantage of a supported GPU install the nvidia , nvidia-utils , ocl-icd , opencl-nvidia , and cuda packages from the official repositories. To check if MATLAB is able to utilize the GPU run:
Install supported compilers
In order to access the full functionality of MATLAB (e.g., to use Simulink, Builder JA, and MEX-file compilation), supported versions of the gcc , g++ , gfortran , and jdk compilers must be installed. Details about the supported compilers for the current release and previous releases are available online. Many of the supported gcc , g++ , jdk compiler versions for past MATLAB releases are available from the AUR (e.g., gcc43 AUR , gcc44 AUR , gcc47 AUR , gcc49 AUR and jdk6 AUR ), while past versions of the gfortran compilers are not packaged.
To use previous versions of the the gcc , g++ , and gfortran compilers with MEX files, edit $
/bin/mexopts.sh and replace all occurrences of CC=’gcc’ with CC=’gcc-4.X’ , CXX=’g++’ with CXX=’g++-4.X’ , and FC=’gfortran’ with FC=’gfortran-4.X’ , where X is the compiler version appropriate for the particular MATLAB release. Help browser
The help browser uses valuable slots in the dynamic thread vector and causes competition with core functionality provided by libraries like the BLAS that also depend on the dynamic thread vector. The help browser can be configured to use fewer slots in the dynamic thread vector with
This is a persistent change and to reverse it use
Serial port access
To successfully connect to any serial port, MATLAB expects to have write access directly to /var/lock which is not allowed on Arch Linux for security reasons. Instead of allowing this access just for MATLAB, you can work around this problem by redirecting device locking using lockdev-redirect AUR . All you have to do is executing MATLAB like this:
If you have created a .desktop file as shortcut to MATLAB, then add «lockdev-redirect» as a prefix to your «Exec mw-headline» >HiDPI and 4k
Troubleshooting
Warning: Initializing MATLAB Graphics failed
This error seems to happen on multi-monitor setups, see this forum post.
Blackscreen in help browser and livescripts
In order to use help browser and livescripts install libselinux AUR .
Static TLS errors
MATLAB has a number of libraries that have been compiled with static thread local storage (TLS) including the help browser doc and the BLAS libraries. For example,
is related to the bugs:
-
for which patched libraries are available from MathWorks [dead link 2020-03-30 ⓘ] for which workarounds exist
A more general solution of recompiling glibc has also been suggested. [3]
Blank/grey UI when using WM (non-reparenting window manager)
This is a common issue in a number of window managers. (DWM, Awesome, bspwm) Java does not play well with these window managers. There are two methods.
First try setting the environment variable by running
If Matlab works afterwards, export the variable in your .xinitrc .
If it does not resolve, you have to fool Java into thinking the WM is named LG3D. (It is an old, depreciated WM that Java applications ironically support) Clean the previous environment variable, install the wmname utility, and run.
Try running Matlab. If it works, put the fix in your starting script. ( .xinitrc , bspwmrc and similar should be OK) Do note that other applications (such as neofetch , or tdrop ) will think your WM is named LG3D, so you will have to configure them accordingly. Another solution is to run the command only before launching Matlab, and fixing the name after you are done with Matlab.
If it does not work, try the combination of both. (The second line works in bspwm) If it still does not work, try googling similar issues with java in general.
Corrupted text and fonts in menus and fields
If you notice that the menus or the input fields are corrupted or not appearing correctly then you can try to activate the «Use antialiasing to smooth desktop fonts« option in Matlab preferences, it seems to solve the problem. Go to Preferences -> Matlab -> Fonts and activate it. You will need to restart Matlab in order to take affect.
Installation dependencies missing
Matlab might complain that it cannot find a package. Look at the package name and install it with Pacman, or in the case of x86_64 there are some libraries only in AUR. matlab AUR and matlab-dummy AUR packages contain a list of up-to-date dependencies for the newest Matlab version.
Installation error: archive is not a ZIP archive
During the installation you can get:
Matlab downloads all packages to /tmp/ directory which resides in RAM and is maximum size of half of available memory. In this case it is not enough for installation files and Matlab 2019a installer will warn you about this. If it did not, or if you ignored the warning, you will have got the above error.
You can either resize tmpfs (3,5 GB is not enough, 6 GB works), or remove packages from base install and add them later with built-in Matlab add-on installer.
Install-time library errors
- Make sure that the symlink bin/glnx64/libstdc++.so.6 is pointing to the correct version of libstdc++.so.xx (which is also in the same directory and has numbers where ‘xx’ is). By default, it may be pointing to an older (and nonexistent) version (different value for ‘xx’).
- Make sure the device you are installing from is not mounted as noexec
- If you downloaded the files from Mathworks’ website, make sure they are not on an NTFS or FAT partition, because that can mess up the symlinks. Ext4 or Ext3 should work.
Hangs on rendering or exiting with Intel graphics
Some users have reported issues with DRI3 enabled on Intel Graphics chips. A possible workaround is to disable DRI3 and run MATLAB with hardware rendering on DRI2; to do so, launch MATLAB with the environment variable LIBGL_DRI3_DISABLE set to 1:
If the previous workaround does not work, the issue can be circumvented by selecting software rendering with the MATLAB command (beware, performance may be very poor when doing e.g. big or complex 3D plots):
See [4] and [5] for more.
LiveScript errors
If you get the error when attempting to load or create a LiveScript:
- It could be because of broken symlinks of libgcrypt and other dependencies, after system updates. On the first start of the Live Editor the components are extracted and these libary symlinks are created (if not existing).
A solution is to simply delete the whole folder containing the broken symlinks and the extracted components, which are in the installation directory (represented by $MATLABROOT ) under:
Or if the installation directory is not user writable in:
Matlab will then regenerate the contents on the next Live Editor start.
A better option is to replace libgcrypt symlink in this extraction directory with a less precise one. For example, after extraction, this link to /lib64/libgcrypt.so.20.2.4 is created. Replace it with e.g. /lib64/libgcrypt.so.20.
Matlab R2020 does not contain a chromium directory anymore. Relinking the library file libcrypto.so.1.1 with the system file can resolve the issue. It is located in:
- Also the steps in #Unable to launch the MATLABWindow application may resolve the issue.
- It can also happen due to missing gconf package. Make sure gconfAUR is installed.
- If the above does not help, execute in the command window
to get a more detailed error message.
- A debugging console can be opened with
Using webcam/video device
Make sure the correct support package add-ons are installed (webcam or OS Generic Video Interface for example). If running matlab as a user, make sure your user has write permissions to wherever the support packages are being downloaded and installed.
Since MATLAB R2017a, Image Acqusition Toolbox is using GStreamer library version 1.0. It previously used version 0.10.
In general, USB Webcam Support Package does a better job working with UVC and built-in cameras than OS Generic Video Interface Support Package.
MATLAB hangs for several minutes when closing Help Browser
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Since upgrade of glibc from 2.24 to 2.25, MATLAB (at least R2017a) hangs when closing Help Browser. The issue is related to the particular version of jxbrowser-chromium shipped with MATLAB. This issue is still present with glibc 2.26 and MATLAB R2017b and R2018a.
To fix this issue, download the latest jxbrowser and replace the following jars from MATLAB:
MATLAB should automatically unpack those jars into matlabroot/sys/jxbrowser-chromium/glnxa64/chromium when first opening Help Browser. Remove matlabroot/sys/jxbrowser-chromium/glnxa64/chromium directory to make sure MATLAB uses the latest jxbrowser.
Unfortunately, this workaround does not work in R2017b anymore. Going deeper into investigation of this issue, it is related to a crash of one of jxbrowser-chromium processes. The parent process of jxbrowser-chromium then sits there and waits for response from a process that is already dead. This causes MATLAB main window to freeze. You can easily unfreeze MATLAB by manually killing all leftover jxbrowser-chromium processes.
I have come up with this simple script that uses inotify and waits for user to close Help browser in MATLAB. It triggers when user closes Help browser and sends kill signal to all leftover jxbrowser-chromium processes:
I run this script as part of my MATLAB start script like that:
To make sure that this background job is killed when I exit MATLAB, I use this in the beginning of MATLAB start script:
Some dropdown menus cannot be selected
In some interfaces — such as Simulation Data Inspector or Simulink Test Manager — nothing happens when choosing an item in dropdown menu (for example, when trying to change a number of subplots in Simulation Data Inspector). To work around this issue, hold down the Shift key while clicking the item in dropdown menu.
Not starting — licensing error
In case MATLAB will not start from a desktop environment by the call of its desktop file one should see the output as you start it from the terminal.
For a Licensing error such as:
A re-activation might solve the problem.
MATLAB crashes with «Failure loading desktop class» on startup
In case MATLAB will not start and starting it from command line gives you the following error:
and you have the option -Dswing.defaultlaf=com.sun.java.swing.plaf.gtk.GTKLookAndFeel set in your _JAVA_OPTIONS environment variable, start MATLAB with
If this works, add the line
to your MATLAB launcher script. Optionally re-add other Java options.
Unable to type in text fields of interfaces based on MATLABWindow
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Since R2018a, it is not possible to type text in interfaces based on MATLABWindow — like Signal Editor, Add-Ons Explorer and others. MATLABWindow and MATLAB’s webwindow infrastructure is based on Chromium Embedded Framework, and it looks like a known and long standing bug: https://bitbucket.org/chromiumembedded/cef/issues/2026/multiple-major-keyboard-focus-issues-on
One possible workaround is to switch focus from the MATLABWindow to another window and then switch back — so that you can type.
To elaborate more on this workaround (since the problem is still there in R2018b), here is what i did in my Openbox config (note that the A-Middle keybinding already exist in default config):
Now, whenever it is not possible to type in a text field, I press Alt+Mouse middle mouse and then I can type again.
This problem is critical during installation. After one clicks some elements in the installation window, he will not be able to type into any textbox anymore and switching between windows does not always work. To circumvent the issue, one shall only use key-press, instead of mouse click during installation. MATLAB installer has a poor support on Wayland, one may also consider using other WM instead during installation.
Unable to launch the MATLABWindow application
In MATLAB version R2018b (and later), the installer crashes as follows:
To find out why MATLABWindow is crashing, run it manually to get detailed information.
FT_Get_Color_Glyph_Layer is a symbol of freetype2 , which indicates a library incompatibility between the MATLAB application and the Arch Linux packages. [6]
To fix this, put aside MATLAB’s libfreetype.so* .
You can also use LD_PRELOAD environment variable to force MATLAB use Arch Linux’s libfreetype without removing the lib file.
Similarly, if the error is caused by undefined symbol: g_log_structured. , put aside MATLAB’s libglib-2.0.so* . If the error is caused by path to/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.9′ not found (required by _somelibrary_) , put aside MATLAB’s libstdc++.so.6 .
Add-on manager does not start in R2020a
In MATLAB version R2020a Update 5 (and possibly older), the Add-on manager does not start. Instead, the following error is shown
The problem is solved by removing (or hiding) the libgl* and libgio* libraries of MATLAB, as suggested for an older issue [7]
Cannot verify university login during installation
For total headcount license users, MATLAB will pop-up a window asking the user to login with his credentials in a web browser. However, if run with sudo , most browsers (especially chromium) will not run. To circumvent this problem, one shall ‘active the computer’ through MATLAB’s website using a browser by a normal user. See this issue
Missing libcrypt.so.1
If you get this error when launching or installing MATLAB (R2020a and later), install libxcrypt-compat .
Running installer as root does not launch the GUI
If you run the installer as root and the GUI does not appear (but does appear without launching as root), try temporarily allowing the root user to access the X Server by running the following commands in order (where ./install is the command to run the installer as root):
Note that the last command should be executed upon finishing the installation process, and localuser is a string literal. See this support answer, and xhost(1) .
In addition, verify that the DISPLAY environment variable is set.
An alternative is to install MATLAB as a local user.
GUI installer is unable to create the target folder when installing as user
Make the folder manually (as root), and take ownership. The path is typically /usr/local/MATLAB
MATLAB crashes when opening Simulink
When running from terminal the error message is:
MATLAB cannot open or create script files
MATLAB in a systemd-nspawn
MATLAB can be run within a systemd-nspawn container to maintain a static system and avoid the library issues that often plague matlab installs after significant updates to libraries in Arch. Refer to Systemd-nspawn for detailed information on setting up such containers.
The following instruction is to get a MATLAB R2021b installation running in a minimal Debian 11 environment. It assumes MATLAB is already installed as normal in «/usr/local/MATLAB/R2021b».
Use Xhost to allow the nspawn environment to use the existing X server instance, see also Systemd-nspawn#Use an X environment.
Create a minimal Debian environment in a directory («deb11» here) with:
Set a password for the root user and create regular user:
and then boot the environment with:
«mesa-utils» and dependencies needs to be installed to support graphics acceleration. «usbutils» can be installed to support usb interfaces for I/O with MATLAB.
Install the matlab-support (from contrib source) package in the environment for some convenient integration.
MATLAB can be launched from within the environment normally by using the binary at $MATLABROOT/bin.